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Key Terms

Review the following list of key terms:

  • modular design— A design that calls for the complete system to be built from individual components that pass information across well-defined interfaces.

  • Network Access layer— The layer of the TCP/IP stack that provides an interface with the physical network.

  • Internet layer— The layer of the TCP/IP stack that provides logical addressing and routing.

  • Transport layer— The layer of the TCP/IP stack that provides error control and acknowledgment and serves as an interface for network applications.

  • Application layer— The layer of the TCP/IP stack that supports network applications and provides an interface to the local operating environment.

  • header— A bundle of protocol information attached to the data at each layer of the protocol stack.

  • message— In TCP/IP networking, a message is the data package passed from the Application layer to the Transport layer. The term is also used generically to describe a message from one entity to another on the network. The term doesn't always refer to an Application layer data package.

  • segment— The data package passed from TCP at the Transport layer to the Internet layer.

  • datagram— The data package passed from the Internet layer to the Network Access layer, or a data package passed from UDP at the Transport layer to the Internet layer.

  • frame— The data package created at the Network Access layer according to the specification of the physical network.

  • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)— A Transport layer, reliable, connection-oriented protocol.

  • UDP (User Datagram Protocol)— A Transport layer, nonreliable, connectionless protocol.

  • IP (Internet Protocol)— The Internet layer protocol that provides logical addressing and routing capabilities.

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